Role of Nutraceuticals in human health

Nutraceuticals can play a role in promoting human health in several ways. Here are some of the key roles they can have:

• Nutritional supplementation: Nutraceuticals can provide additional nutrients that may be lacking in a person’s diet. They can help address nutrient deficiencies or imbalances and support overall nutritional status.

• Disease prevention: Certain nutraceuticals, such as antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and phytochemicals, have been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, certain cancers, and age-related macular degeneration. They may have protective effects due to their ability to combat oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and support cellular health.

• Joint and bone health: Nutraceuticals like glucosamine, chondroitin, and calcium with vitamin D are commonly used to support joint health and maintain strong bones. They may help alleviate symptoms of conditions like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.

• Cognitive health: Some nutraceuticals, such as omega-3 fatty acids, B-vitamins, and certain antioxidants, have been studied for their potential role in supporting brain health, memory, and cognitive function. They may have a protective effect against age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.

• Gut health: Probiotics and prebiotics are considered nutraceuticals that can promote a healthy gut microbiota, improve digestion, and support immune function. They may help alleviate gastrointestinal conditions like irritable bowel syndrome and enhance overall gut health.

• Energy and performance: Certain nutraceuticals, such as caffeine, creatine, and adaptogens like ashwagandha, are often used to enhance energy levels, athletic performance, and mental focus. They may support physical endurance, muscle recovery, and cognitive function.

It’s important to note that while nutraceuticals can have potential health benefits, individual responses may vary, and it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.

There is a wide range of nutraceutical products available on the market. Here are some common types of nutraceutical products:

1. Multivitamins: These are supplements that contain a combination of essential vitamins and minerals to support overall nutritional needs. They are often used to address nutrient deficiencies or as a general health supplement.
2. Omega-3 fatty acids: These supplements typically contain eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are beneficial fats found in fish oil. Omega-3 fatty acids are known for their cardiovascular health benefits and may also support brain function and joint health.
3. Probiotics: These are supplements that contain live beneficial bacteria. Probiotics help maintain a healthy balance of gut bacteria and support digestive health. They may also have immune-enhancing effects.
4. Herbal extracts: Nutraceuticals derived from herbs and botanicals are quite popular. Examples include products like ginkgo biloba for cognitive support, turmeric for its anti-inflammatory properties, and echinacea for immune support.
5. Antioxidants: Nutraceuticals rich in antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, selenium, and resveratrol, are available. These substances help protect cells from oxidative stress and may have various health benefits.
6. Joint support products: Nutraceuticals like glucosamine, chondroitin, and collagen are often used to support joint health and alleviate symptoms of conditions such as osteoarthritis.
7. Sports nutrition supplements: Nutraceuticals designed for athletes and active individuals include products like protein powders, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), and creatine. These supplements aim to support muscle recovery, enhance performance, and optimize exercise outcomes.

AKRITI SINGH

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

SCHOOL OF PHARMACY